Huang, Y., von Eckardstein, A., and Assmann, G. (1993) Cell-derived unesterified cholesterol cycles between different HDLs and LDL for its effective esterification in plasma. Arterioscler. Thromb. 13:445–458.

Huang, Y., von Eckardstein, A., Wu, S., Maeda, N., and Assmann, G. (1994) A plasma lipoprotein containing only apolipoprotein E and with gamma-mobility on electrophoresis releases cholesterol from cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:1834–1838.

Huang, Y., von Eckardstein, A., Wu, S., and Assmann, G. (1995) Effects of the apolipoprotein E-polymorphism on uptake and transfer of cell-derived cholesterol in plasma. J. Clin. Invest. 96:2693–2701.

Huang, Y., von Eckardstein, A., Wu, S., and Assmann, G. (1995) Cholesterol efflux, cholesterol esterification, and cholesterol ester transfer by LpA-I and LpAI/A-II in native plasma. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 15: 1412–1418.

Huang, Y., von Eckardstein, A., Wu, S., Langer, C., and Assmann, G. (1995) Generation of pre-b₁-HDL and conversion into a-HDL: Evidence for disturbed HDL conversion in Tangier Disease. Arterioscler. Thromb.Vasc. Biol. 15:1746–1754.

von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., Wu, S., Funke, H., Noseda, G., and Assmann, G. (1995) Reverse cholesterol transport in plasma of patients with different forms of familial HDL deficiency. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 15:691–703

von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., Wu, S., Saadat Sarmadi, A., Schwarz, S., Steinmetz, A., and Assmann, G. (1995) Lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein A-IV but not apolipoprotein A-I take up and esterify cell-derived cholesterol in plasma. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 15:1755–1763

von Eckardstein, A., Jauhiainen, M., Huang, Y., Metso, J., Langer, C., Pussinen, P., Wu, S., Ehnholm, C., and Assmann, G. (1996) Phospholipid transfer protein-mediated conversion of high density lipoproteins (HDL) generates preb₁-HDL. Biochiim. Biophys. Acta 1301:255–262.

Huang, Y., Schwendner, S.W., Rall, S.C. Jr., and Mahley, R.W. (1996) Hypolipidemic and hyperlipidemic phenotypes in transgenic mice expressing human apolipoprotein E2. J. Biol. Chem. 271:29146–29151.

Miccoli, R., Zhu, Y., Daum, U., Wessling, J., Huang, Y., Navalesi, R., Assmann, G., and von Eckardstein, A. (1997) A natural apolipoprotein A-I variant, apoA-I(L141R)pisa, interferes with the formation of a-high density lipoproteins (HDL) but not with the formation of preb₁-HDL and influences efflux of cholesterol into plasma. J. Lipid Res. 38:1242–1253

Huang, Y., Schwendner, S.W., Rall, S.C. Jr., and Mahley, R.W. (1997) Apolipoprotein E2 transgenic rabbits: Modulation of the type III hyperlipoproteinemic phenotype by estrogen and occurrence of spontaneous atherosclerosis. J. Biol. Chem. 272:22685–22694

Huang, Y., Rall, S.C., and Mahley, R.W. (1997) Genetic factors precipitating type III hyperlipoproteinemia in hypolipidemic transgenic mice expressing human apolipoprotein E2. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17:2817–2824.

Huang, Y., von Eckardstein, A., Zhu, Y., Langer, C., Raabe, M., Wu, S., Seedorf, U., Maeda, N., and Assmann, G. (1997) Effects of genotype and diet on cholesterol efflux into plasma and lipoproteins of normal, apolipoprotein A-I-, and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17:2010–2019.

Fan, J., Ji, Z.S., Huang, Y., de Silva, H., Sanan, D., Mahley, R.W., Innerarity T.L., and Taylor, J.M. (1998) Increased expression of apolipoprotein E in transgenic rabbits results in reduced levels of very low density lipoproteins and an accumulation of low density lipoproteins in plasma. J. Clin. Invest. 101:2151–2164.

von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., Kastelein, J.J.P., Geisel, J., Real, J.T., Kuivenhoven, J.A., Miccoli, R., Noseda, G., and Assmann, G. (1998) Lipid-free apolipoprotein (apo) A-I is converted into alpha-migrating high density lipoproteins by lipoprotein-depleted plasma of normolipidemic donors and apo A-I-deficient patients but not of Tangier disease patients. Atherosclerosis 138:25–34.

Huang, Y., Liu, X.Q., Rall, S.C., and Mahley, R.W. (1998) Apolipoprotein E2 reduces low density lipoprotein cholesterol in transgenic mice by impairing lipoprotein lipase-mediated lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. J. Biol. Chem. 273:17483–17490.

Huang, Y., Liu, X.Q., Rall, S.C., Taylor, J.M., von Eckardstein, A., Assmann, G., and Mahley, R.W. (1998) Overexpression and accumulation of apolipoprotein E as a cause of hypertriglyceridemia. J. Biol. Chem. 273:26388–26393.

Huang, Y., Ji, Z.S., Brecht W.J., Rall, S.C., Taylor, J.M., and Mahley, R.W. (1999) Overexpression of apolipoprotein E3 in transgenic rabbits causes combined hyperlipidemia by stimulating hepatic very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) production and impairing VLDL lipolysis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 19:2952–2959.

Langer, C., Huang, Y., Cullen, P., Wiesenhutter, B., Mahley, R.W., Assmann, G., and von Eckardstein, A. (2000) Endogenous apolipoprotein E modulates cholesterol efflux and cholesterol ester hydrolysis mediated by high density lipoprotein 3 and lipid-free apolipoproteins in mouse peritoneal macrophages. J. Molecular Medicine 78:217–227.

Huang, Y., Liu, XQ., Wyss-Coray, T., Brecht, WJ., Sanan, DA., Mahley, RW. (2001) Apolipoprotein E fragments present in Alzheimer's disease brains induce neurofibrillary tangle-like intracellular inclusions in neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 98:8838–8843.

Buttini, M., Yu, GQ., Shockley K., Huang, Y., Jones, B., Masliah, E., Mallory, M., Yeo, T., Longo, M., and Mucke, L. (2002) Modulation of Alzheimer-like synaptic and cholinergic deficits in transgenic mice by human apolipoprotein E depends on isoform, aging, and overexpression of amyloid b peptides but not on plaque formation. J. Neurosci. 22:10539–10548.

Ji, ZS., Miranda, RD., Newhouse, YM., Weisgraber, KH., Huang, Y., and Mahley, RW. (2002) Apolipoprotein E4 potentiates amyloid b peptide-induced lysosomal leakage and apoptosis in neuronal cells. J. Biol. Chem. 277:21821–21828.

Harris, FM., Walter, JB., Xu, Q., Tesseur I., Kekonius, L., Wyss-Coray, T., Fish, JD., Masliah, E., Hopkins, PC., Scearce-Levie, K., Weisgraber, KH., Mucke, L., Mahley, RW., and Huang, Y. (2003). Carboxyl-terminal-truncated apolipoprotein E4 causes Alzheimerís disease-like neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits in transgenic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 100:10966–10971.

Harris, FM., Tesseur, T., Brecht, WJ., Xu, Q., Mullendorff, K., Chang, S., Wyss-Coray, T., Mahley, RW., and Huang, Y. (2004) Astroglial regulation of apolipoprotein E expression in neuronal cells: Implications for Alzheimerís disease. J. Biol. Chem. 279:3862–3868.

Brecht,WJ., Harris, FM., Chang, S., Tesseur, I., Yu, GQ., Xu, Q., Wyss-Coray, T., Buttini, M., Mucke, L., Mahley, RW., and Huang, Y. (2004) Neuron-specific apolipoprotein E4 proteolysis is associated with increased tau phosphorylation in brains of transgenic mice. J. Neurosci. 24:2527–2534.

Xu, Q., Brecht, WJ., Weisgraber, KH., Mahley, RW., and Huang, Y. (2004) Apolipoprotein E4 domain interaction occurs in living neuronal cells as determined by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. J. Biol. Chem. 279:25511–25516.

Harris, FM., Brecht, WJ., Xu, Q., Mahley, RW., and Huang, Y. (2004) Increased tau phosphorylation in apolipoprotein E4 transgenic mice is associated with activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase: Modulation by Zinc. J. Biol. Chem. 279:44795–44801.

Chang S, Ma TR, Miranda RD, Balestra ME, Mahley RW, and Huang Y. (2005) Lipid- and receptor-binding regions of apolipoprotein E4 fragments act in concert to cause mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102:18694–18699.

Ramaswamy G, Xu Q, Huang Y, and Weisgraber KH. (2005) Effect of domain interaction on apolipoprotein E levels in mouse brain. J. Neurosci. 16:10658–10663.

Hodoglugil U, Williamson DW, Huang Y, and Mahley RW. (2005) An interaction between the TaqIB polymorphism of cholesterol ester transfer protein and smoking is associated with changes in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Turks. Clin. Genet. 68:118–127.

Hodoglugil U, Williamson DW, Huang Y, and Mahley RW. (2005) Common polymorphisms of ATP binding cassette transporter A1, including a functional promoter polymorphism, associated with plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Turks. Atherosclerosis 183:199–212.

Ye S, Huang Y, Mullendorff K, Dong L, Giedt G, Meng EC, Cohen FE, Kuntz ID, Weisgraber KH, and Mahley RW. (2005) Apolipoprotein E4 enhances amyloid β peptide production in cultured neuronal cells: ApoE structure as a potential therapeutic target. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102:18700–18705.

Ji ZS, Mullendorff K, Cheng IH, Miranda RD, Huang Y, and Mahley RW. (2006) Reactivity of apolipoprotein E4 and amyloid beta peptide: lysosomal stability and neurodegeneration. J. Biol. Chem. 281:2683–2692.

Hodoglugil U, Tanyolac S, Williamson DW, Huang Y, and Mahley RW. (2006) Apolipoprotein A-V: a potential modulator of plasma triglyceride levels in Turks. J. Lipid Res. 47:144–153.

Huang Y and Mahley RW. (2006) Commentary: “Perspective on a pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.” Apolipoprotein E and the mitochondrial metabolic hypothesis. Alzheimer’s and Dementia. 2:71–73.

Mahley RW, Weisgraber KH, and Huang Y. (2006) Apolipoprotein E4: A causative factor and therapeutic target in neuropathology, including Alzheimer’s disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 103:5644–5651.

Xu Q, Bernardo A, Walker D, Kanegawa T, Mahley RW, and Huang Y. (2006) Profile and regulation of apolipoprotein (apo) E expression in central nervous system in mice with targeting of green fluorescent protein to the apoE locus. J. Neurosci. 26:4985–4994.

Mahley RW, Huang Y, and Weisgraber KH. (2006) Commentary: “Apolipoprotein E facilitates reverse cholesterol transport by allowing cholesterol ester-rich core expansion in HDL.” J. Clin. Invest. 116:1226–1229.

Brodbeck J, Balestra ME, Saunders AM, Roses AD, Mahley RW, and Huang Y. (2008) Rosiglitazone increases dendritic spine density and rescues spine loss caused by apolipoprotein E4 in primary cortical neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 105:1343–1346.

Xu Q, Walker D, Bernardo A, Brodbeck J, Malestra ME, and Huang Y. (2008) Intron-3 retention/splicing controls neuronal expression of apolipoprotein E in the central nervous system. J. Neurosci. 28:1452–1459.

Burt TD, Agan BK, Marconi VC, He W, Kulkarni H, Mold JE, Cavrois M, Huang Y, Mahley RW, Dolan MJ, McCune JM, Ahuja SK. (2008) Apolipoprotein apoE4 influences HIV-1 cell entry in vitro and the ApoE ε4/ε4 genotype accelerates HIV disease progression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105:8718–8723.

Tesseur I, Zhang H, Brecht WJ, Corn J, Gong JS, Yanagisawa K, Michikawa M, Weisgraber KH, Huang Y, and Wyss-Coray T. (2009) Bioactive TGF-β associates with lipoproteins and is enriched in those containing apolipoprotein E3. J. Neurochem. 110:1254–1262.

Li G, Bien-Ly N, Andrews-Zwilling Y, Xu Q, Bernardo A, Ring K, Halabisky B, Deng C, Mahley RW, and Huang Y. (2009) GABAergic interneuron dysfunction impairs hippocampal neurogenesis in adult apolipoprotein E4 knock-in mice. Cell Stem Cell. 5:634–645.

Buttini M, Masliah E, Yu GQ, Palop JJ, Chang S, Bernardo A, Lin C, Wyss-Coray T, Huang Y, Mucke L. (2010) Cellular source of apolipoprotein E4 determines neuronal susceptibility to excitotoxic injury in transgenic mice. Am. J. Pathol. 177:563–569.

Andrews-Zwilling Y, Bien-Ly N, Xu Q, Li G, Bernardo A, Yoon SY, Zwilling D, Yan XY, Chen L, Huang Y. (2010) Apolipoprotein E4 causes age- and tau-dependent impairment of GABAergic interneurons, leading to learning and memory deficits. J. Neurosci. 30:13707–13717.

Chen H-K, Dodson SE, Ji Z-S, Miranda RD, Rosenblum CI, Reynolds IJ, Freedman SB, Weisgraber KH, Huang Y, Mahley RW. (2011) Apolipoprotein E4 domain interaction mediates detrimental effects on mitochondria and is a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease. J. Biol. Chem. 286:5215–5221.

Bien-Ly N, Andrews-Zwilling Y, Xu Q, Bernardo A, Wang C, and Huang Y. (2011) C-terminal truncated apolipoprotein E4 inefficiently clears Aβ and synergizes with Aβ to elicit neuronal and behavioral deficits in mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 108:4236–4241.

Brodbeck J, McGuire J, Liu Z, Meyer-Franke A, Balestra ME, Jeong D, Pleiss M, McComas C, Hess F, Witter D, Peterson S, Childers M, Goulet M, Liverton N, Hargreaves R, Freedman S, Weisgraber KH, Mahley RW, Huang Y. (2011) Structure-dependent impairment of intracellular apolipoprotein E4 trafficking and its detrimental effects are rescued by small-molecule structure correctors. J. Biol. Chem. 286:17217–17226.

Zwilling D, Huang SY, Sathyasaikumar KV, Notarangelo FM, Guidetti P, Wu HQ, Lee J, Truong J, Andrews-Zwilling Y, Hsieh EW, Louie JY, Wu T, Scearce-Levie K, Patrick C, Adame A, Giorgini F, Moussaoui S, Laue G, Rassoulpour A, Flik G, Huang Y, Muchowski JM, Masliah E, Schwarcz R, Muchowski PJ. (2011) Kynurenine 3-monooxegenase inhibition in blood ameliorates neurodegeneration. Cell 145:863–874.

Book Chapters Huang, Y. and Mahley RW. (1999) Apolipoprotein E and human disease. In Plasma Lipids and Their Role in Diseases.Editor, Philip J. Barter. p257–284.

Mahley, RW., and Huang, Y. (2003) Apolipoprotein E: structure and function in lipid metabolism and neurobiology. In The Molecular and Genetic Basis of Neurological Disease. Editors: Rosenberg, R.N., Prusiner, S.B., DiMauro, S., and Barchi, R.L., Nestler, E.J., Butterworth Heinemann, Newton, MA. p565–573.

Huang, Y. (2004) Transgenic and gene-targeted mouse models in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension research. In Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Editor: Jason XJ. Yuan. p559–568.

Huang Y. (2004) Transgenic and gene-targeted mouse models in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension research. In Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Editor: Jason XJ. Yuan. P559–568.

Huang Y. (2006) Transgenic and gene-targeted mouse models of hyperlipidemia. In A Handbook of Mouse Models for Cardiovascular Research. Editor: Qingbo Xu. P33–42.

Huang Y and Mahley RW. (2007) Apolipoprotein E: structure and function in lipid metabolism and neurobiology. In The Molecular and Genetic Basis of Neurological Disease. Editors: Rosenberg RN, DiMauro S, Paulson H, Ptacek L, and Nestler EJ. Butterworth Heinemann, Newton, MA. P590–602.

Review Articles Published in Journal

von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., and Assmann, G. (1994) Physiological role and clinical relevance of high density lipoprotein subclasses. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 5:404–416.

Assmann, G., Schulte, H., von Eckardstein, A., and Huang, Y. (1996) High density lipoprotein cholesterol as a predictor of coronary heart disease risk. The PROCAM experience and pathophysiological implication for reverse cholesterol transport. Atherosclerosis 124 (Suppl.):S11–S20.

von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., and Assmann, G. (1996) Uptake, transfer, and esterification of cell-derived cholesterol in plasma of patients with familial HDL-deficiency. Z Gastroenterol. 34 (Suppl.) 3:143–144.

Mahley, R.W. and Huang, Y (1999) Apolipoprotein E: From atherosclerosis to Alzheimerís disease and beyond. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 10:207–217.

Mahley, R.W., Huang, Y., and Rall, S.C. (1999) Pathogenesis of type III hyperlipoproteinemia (dysbetalipoproteinemia): Questions, quandaries, and paradoxes. J. Lipid Res. 40:1933–1949.

Huang Y, Weisgraber KH, Mucke L, and Mahley RW. (2004) Apolipoprotein E: Diversity of cellular origins, structural and biophysical properties, and effects in Alzheimerís disease. J. Mol. Neurosci. 23:187–202.

Raber J, Huang Y, and Ashford JW. (2004) ApoE genotype accounts for the vast majority of AD risk and AD pathology. Neurobiol. Aging. 25:641–660.

Huang Y. (2006) Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurology. 24:S79–85.

Xu Q and Huang Y. (2006) Lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders. Future Lipidology. 1:441–453.

Mahley RW and Huang Y. (2006) Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 and Alzheimer’s disease: Unique conformational and biophysical properties of apoE4 can modulate neuropathology. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 185:8–14.

Huang Y. (2006) Molecular and cellular mechanisms of apolipoprotein E4 neurotoxicity and potential therapeutic strategies. Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Developm. 9:627–641.

Roses AD, Saunders AM, Huang Y, Strum J, Weisgraber KH, and Mahley RW. (2007) Complex disease-associated pharmacogenetics: Drug efficacy, drug safety, and confirmation of a pathogenetic hypothesis (Alzheimer’s disease). Pharmacogenomics J. 7:10–28.

Mahley RW, Huang Y, Weisgraber KH. (2007) Detrimental effects of apolipoprotein E4: Potential therapeutic targets in Alzheimer’s disease. Curr. Alzheimer Res. 4:537–40.

Mahley RW, Weisgraber KH, and Huang Y. (2009) Apolipoprotein E: Structure determines function from altherosclerosis to Alzheimer’s disease to AIDS. J. Lipid Res. 50:S183–S188.

Mahley RW and Huang Y. (2009) Alzheimer disease: multiple causes, multiple effects of apolipoprotein E4, and multiple therapeutic approaches. Annals of Neurology. 65:623–625.

Huang Y. (2010) Aβ-independent roles of apolipoprotein E4 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Trends Mol. Med. 16:287–294.

Huang Y. (2010) Mechanisms linking apolipoprotein E isoforms with cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 21:337–345.

Review Articles Published in Proceedings

Assmann, G., von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., and Wu, S. (1995) A lipoprotein present in normal and HDL-deficient plasmas releases cholesterol from cells. Atherosclerosis X, Woodford, F.P. Editor. p. 662–665.

von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., and Assmann, G. (1996) Role of high density lipoprotein subclasses in reverse cholesterol transport. Proceedings of the Symposium on HDL-Deficiency and Atherosclerosis. Kluver Verlag, p. 17–23.

von Eckardstein, A., Huang, Y., Wu, S., and Assmann, G. (1996) Role of apoE for reverse cholesterol transport. Proceedings of the C.B. Pennington Conference on Nutrition, Genetics, and Heart Disease. Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA. p. 189.